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Back
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Person Code
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NA16742
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PreTitle
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Sir
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Forenames
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John
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Surname
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Campbell
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Title
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1st Earl of Breadalbane and Holland
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Dates
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c 1635-1717
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Activity
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Sir John Campbell, 1st Earl of Breadalbane and Holland, (c 1635-1717), was the eldest son of Sir John Campbell, 4th Bart. of Glenorchy. He was MP for Argyllshire, 1669-1674. He obtained, as chief creditor of George, 6th Earl of Caithness, a redeemable disposition of his whole estate and earldom, and received crown confirmation of, and sasine on, this disposition. On the death of the earl he was created (in 1677) Earl of Caithness, Viscount of Breadalbane, Lord St Clair of Berriedale and Glenurchy, and assumed the name and arms of Sinclair. That year, with seven hundred men he invaded Caithness and dispossesed the heir of the late earl. King Charles subsequently annulled the patent of the earldom and confirmed George Sinclair, the late earl's son, in the dignity. In 1681, under the name of John Campbell of Glenurchie he was granted a new patent, creating him, as from 1677, Earl of Breadalbane and Holland, Viscount of Tay and Paintland, Lord Glenurchy, Benederaloch, Ormelie and Weick.
Campbell married his first wife, Mary (d 1666), daughter of Henry, 1st Earl of Holland in 1657, and they had a son, Duncan Campbell, Lord Ormelie (c 1660-1727), who agreed that the family estates should be passed to his younger brother John, as he was deemed mentally incapable. In 1678, Campbell married secondly, Mary, the widow of the 6th Earl of Caithness, thereby saving the 12,000 merks allowance that he had been paying her, and they had a son, Colin of Ardmaddie (d 1708), she was still alive in 1698. He also had a daughter, Lady Mary Campbell (d 1766), by Mrs Mildred Littler (d 1746) whom he is said to have married.
He was accused of treason in 1683, but later got a remission. He was a member of the Privy Council for Scotland, 1685, and lieutenant colonel of a regiment of foot in Perthshire, 1689, and took the oath of allegiance in 1690. After the massacre of Glencoe, 1695, he was again summoned for treason and was imprisoned in Edinburgh Castle but, having explained that he had acted on behalf of the Government, he was discharged without trial. He did not vote for the Union in 1707, but was chosen as one of the Scottish Representative Peers, 1713-1715. He sent 500 troops in support of the rising of 1715, but died the following year and escaped punishment.
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