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history |
From about 1846 until about 1906, a strictly limited number of small pensions, latterly known as 'Code' pensions, were awarded by the Exchequer. Scottish and English teachers were eligible for these awards. Permissive powers for heritors (managers of parish schools) to grant retiring allowances were contained in the Parochial and Burgh Schools (S) Act 1861, and similar powers were given to School Boards in the Education (S) Act 1872. School Boards were later barred, however, from awarding retiring allowances to teachers accepting the Elementary School Teachers (Superannuation) Act 1898, under which a contributory system of superannuation to a deferred annuity fund was instituted. These restrictions were removed by the Education (S) Act 1908, which also provided for the setting up of the Scottish Teachers' Superannuation Fund and the preparation of a pension scheme. Since then, six superannuation schemes have been framed. Benefits under the Schemes of 1911, 1919, 1926 and 1952 were calculated in respect of service before the 65th birthday but the Teachers' (Superannuation) (S) Regulations 1957 enabled teachers to qualify for increased pension in respect of teaching service to age 70, and this provision was continued in the Teachers' (Superannuation) (S) (Amendment) Regulations 1965. Except for a period between 1st April 1912 and 31st May 1922, superannuation of teachers has been on a contributory basis from 1898. |